Ensuring compliance with the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) has long posed verification challenges due to the absence of a formal monitoring mechanism. An article in National Defense Magazine discusses how artificial intelligence (AI) could assist by analyzing large datasets, including scientific research, procurement records, and satellite imagery, to identify patterns of concern. However, AI would not replace human decision-making, oversight would remain necessary to interpret findings and assess intent. The proposal reflects broader discussions on the integration of emerging technologies into international arms control frameworks. Read the full brief here.