The recent bombardment of an MSF hospital in Jonglei State, South Sudan, reflects a troubling pattern of attacks on healthcare facilities in conflict settings. Under international humanitarian law, medical facilities are protected, yet such strikes disrupt essential services including maternal care, surgery, vaccination, and infectious disease response. From a health systems perspective, these incidents destabilize already fragile infrastructures and undermine long-term resilience. Rather than an isolated event, this reflects a broader structural challenge to accountability, protection, and health equity in protracted conflicts. Read the full brief here.