Biotechnology is rapidly reshaping warfare, the economy, and human evolution. The US-China
rivalry fuels these advances, with China pursuing military-civil fusion and the US striving to maintain
dominance. Gene-editing tools like CRISPR pose unprecedented ethical and security risks that range
from “super-soldiers” to novel biological weapons. Scientists and policymakers face a “humanness-
survival dilemma” that increasingly compels them to weigh human nature against existential threats.
Powerful states, private companies, and gaps in global governance make control difficult. As
biotechnology accelerates, it challenges morality, security, and the very essence of what it means to
be human. How should we confront these challenges?
Harvard University’s Davis Center, and new voice at the Andrew W. Marshall Foundation. She was
a Wilson China Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (2023-24), non-
resident senior fellow at the Atlantic Council’s South Asia Center (2016-25), and fellow at the
Modern War Institute at West Point (2020-21). She is currently completing a book on great-power
rivalry in the age of emerging technologies, with a focus on biotechnology and its synergistic links
with artificial intelligence, neurotechnology, nanotechnology, and robotics. Her first book, Gambling
with Violence, was published by Oxford University Press in 2019. Biberman’s work has appeared in
numerous academic and policy venues, including the Journal of Peace Research, Journal of Strategic Studies,
Strategic Studies Quarterly, Asian Security, Modern Asian Studies, Military Review, Foreign Policy, Texas
National Security Review, Georgetown Journal of International Affairs, and Washington Post. Her work has
been supported by various institutions, including the United States Institute of Peace, Fulbright
Program, and Smith Richardson Foundation. She received her BA from Wellesley College, Master’s
from Harvard University, and second Master’s and PhD from Brown University. She has also
worked as a journalist in Moscow, Russia, and embassy policy specialist in Kyiv, Ukraine.
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