Should a proven vaccine be withheld from newborns for the sake of research? That question is at the center of a newly approved trial in Guinea-Bissau, where Danish researchers will delay the hepatitis B birth dose for half of 14,000 infants. Supporters, including HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., have praised the study, while critics say it exposes babies to a serious, preventable disease in a country with some of the world’s highest infection rates. One ethics committee member who resigned in protest described it as “enrolling newborns in a lottery to test a hypothesis.” Read more here.